Queen Cutlery History

Complete Guide to Queen and Schatt & Morgan Knives and History

Queen Cutlery History is a comprehensive, informative resource for anyone interested in Queen City Cutlery Company and its successor, Queen Cutlery Company. In addition the website features information on the related companies, Schatt & Morgan and the Dollar Knife Company. For the first time, knife collectors and historians have access to a knowledge bank of knife photos and descriptions, historical documents, catalogs and articles related to these legendary cornerstones of the American cutlery industry. Our only focus is on knives made in the USA.

In 2018, having produced high quality cutlery using traditional methods for 96 years, Queen Cutlery closed its doors for good. The curators of this website, David Clark, Linda and Fred Fisher and Bob Welch, had previously served as the Queen Cutlery Historical Committee and are now joined by Carl Bradshaw. We are supported in this effort by knowledgeable Queen and Schatt & Morgan collectors from across the USA. The Daniels Family, last owners of the company have graciously donated all related historical documents from the old Queen website. We are grateful to Jan Carter, of iknifecollector.com for contributing the web domain.

⇒ See just below for a NEW Historical Knife Spotlight article on the very rare Queen Smoked Pearl folding knives. Previous Spotlight articles can be found in the Spotlight Archive. The entire collection of 2020’s Historical Knife Spotlights are now available in articles for you to check out and download

⇒ All new Collector Questions & Comments appear here on the home page.

⇒ The Tang Stamp Guide has been updated yet again, to version 9 (October, 2023) – and now contains details on 101 stamps and markings! The guide also includes a supplement with the stamps used on hatchets, razors and scissors. Additionally, the earlier supplement on Dollar Knives, Robeson and Tuna Valley knives is also included. We welcome your questions, comments and suggestions. Contact us here.

"photo of 4 Queen Cutlery pocketknives with burnt orange imitation Winterbottom bone handles against a black background"

Historical Knife Spotlight

Queen Cutlery’s elusive Smoked Pearl pocketknives are in the Spotlight this month. Ask an experienced knife collector what he or she considers the “holy grail” of knives and you might hear about any number of things like an original Remington Bullet Knife, a rare Bowie or a William Scagel handmade creation. Queen knife collectors may also have varying opinions on the subject. Chances are good, though, they will mention the very rare, very beautiful smoked pearl knives.

Over many decades Queen Cutlery, like many of their competitors, made several knife patterns with mother of pearl handles. These are made with cut and polished pieces of abalone shell. In the old days these pearl knives tended to be considered “gentleman’s knives”. They were usually smaller patterns with delicate handles and not the sort of thing to be carried by hunters, trappers, fishermen and farmers.

"#59, Queen, small serpentine, 2 blade, smoked earl handles, brass liners, NS bolsters, Queen Steel #59 etch, no tang stamp, 2-5/8”"

At some point in the late 1950’s or early 1960’s Queen upped the ante. They introduced their very distinctive smoked pearl handled knives. Only six patterns were offered in smoked pearl. They were numbers 4, 6, 14, 54, 57 and 59. The handles are truly beautiful! Depending upon the light, they take on hues such as smoky gray, salmon, blue and silver and the workmanship is first rate.

We would like very much to be precise as to the era during which smoked pearl knives were made but we’ve found almost no documentation. They don’t appear in any Queen catalogs (and we have all of them from 1946 onwards on this website). The only document we’ve seen is a supplement to the 1968 price list which says there are now two qualities of Mother of Pearl, clear white and smoked. It also alludes to a shortage of material and a rise in cost. Wholesale prices for smoked pearl are about 20 percent lower than the white pearl prices. This raises an interesting

question which may never be answered: was smoked pearl made as a means of hiding imperfections in clear white pearl? Since there was a shortage and prices had risen at a time when the knife industry was having difficulties due to foreign competition and decreasing demand, this may have been the case.

"#57, Queen, stockman, 3 blade, smoked pearl handles, brass liners, NS bolsters, Queen Steel #57 etch, no tang stamp, 3-1/4”"

A poll of the Queen Cutlery History team confirmed that none of us had ever seen or owned a smoked pearl which had a tang stamp. All of them do, however, have etched master blades. According to our well-researched tang stamp guide, this indicates the knives were made during the 1961 to 1971 era.

Though documentation is lacking, we do have are some nice examples of the knives and the recollections of Fred Sampson, now retired master cutler. Fred is truly a gentleman and he has been very generous in sharing his insights and memories from his long career. He started working at Queen in 1948 and was promoted to master cutler in 1976. About 20 years ago this writer was curious about the smoked pearl knives. At that time Fred recalled they were made from the late 1950’s through to the late 1960’s and several thousand of each pattern were made. My understanding was that production stopped when the man who made them died and nobody else was able to produce them.

"photo of (l-r) David Clark, Fred Sampson and Fred Fisher at the Queen factory in Titusville, PA"

More recently the QCH team sat down with Fred for an interview in the top floor production area of the Queen factory in Titusville. The intent was to produce a video of the interview but it was a very hot  

August day and the accumulated noise of several big cooling fans nearly overwhelmed the audio track. Still, we do have all the video files. One of the topics was Queen smoked pearls.

“I don’t know of anybody at the time in the ’50’s – that’s when these were popular – that would have been using these” he told us. “This is very good stuff. Very easy to break. A lot easier than white pearl.”

In other words, in Freds opinion, they were too nice and too fragile to be carried and used.

That may explain why, if you search long and hard, you might still find mint, never-carried examples of these rare knives.

David Clark asked who the person was that made the handles. Fred’s reply: “I don’t know what family it was. It was a family concern.” Going back to his comments from 20 years ago, it may be that the head of this family concern passed away, thus bringing a stop to production.

"#6P, Queen, senator pen, 2 blade, smoked pearl handles, brass liners, NS bolsters, Queen Steel #6 etch, no tang stamp, 2-1/2”"

The production method is a further mystery. Presumably it was a novel dyeing method, details of which went to the grave with the head of the “family concern”. Whatever the method was, the results are spectacular. The photos which accompany this article help convey the complexity of colors. QCH historian Fred Fisher commented during the  interview “it has a purple color and when you’re in the sunlight, outdoors, it gets a lot of fire.”

Queen’s smoked pearl knives are quite rare and thus hard to find. As a result, values are pretty high. If you see one, and can afford it, buy it.  You’re sure to be entertained inspecting it from different angles and in various lighting conditions.

A new Historical Knife Spotlight is published each month. You can see past editions in the Historical Documents section of this website.

Queen Cutlery Identification Guide

Updated to version 9 (October, 2023)!

Tang Stamps – Blade Markings – Production Dates

The most comprehensive and extensively researched guide to Queen and Schatt & Morgan tang stamps and blade markings ever published has just gotten better! Version 9 (October, 2023) of the guide is now a 19 page document which displays over 100 distinct tang and blade markings used by the cutleries over a span of 126 years. Two supplements have been integrated into the Guide. One covers hatchets, razors and scissors. The other details additional brands made by Queen, Dollar Knives, Robeson and Tuna Valley. 

This Guide was created by our editors and a group of collectors following the 2018 closure of Queen Cutlery. Markings on knives in their various collections, both tang stamps and blade etches, were photographed, in color and (with few exceptions) are included here. 

In addition to the photos, an illustration of the stamp or etch marking is included . This is followed by a description and an accurately estimated time span during which that marking was used.

 To view and download, just click the adjacent image.

Collectors Questions & Comments

Bruce B. Contacted us with a blade steel question: When did queen cutlery start using D-2 steel? And does the whittler #48 contain D-2?

QCH answered: Queen started using D2 steel in 2002. The #48CSB (carved stag bone) knives produced after that date had D2 blades. 

Brian N. Asked about the bone jigging on a modern Schatt & Morgan lockback: I have a S&M swing guard lock back, 04111L, with handles that I do not know the proper term or name for. The spear point blade is stamped 2001 and etched Schatt and Morgan 1of 100. The handles are bone, the color of a overly ripe banana peel and the jigging is fine textured, almost in a narrow V shape. Can you please tell me the proper name for this handle and this type jigging? Thank you for your response.

Detail of jigging on Schatt & Morgan 04111-L lockback made in 2001. The bone handles have a herringbone jig pattern

After our team discussed this herringbone jig pattern, QCH replied: Queen produced over 100 variations of the swing guard folder over a 25 year period, beginning in 1992, including the 04111L lockback. That pattern number is specific to the Schatt & Morgan line. About 80% of these knives were either special projects or special orders, meaning just about 20% appeared in a catalog or flyer.

Schatt & Morgan 04111-L lockback made in 2001. The bone handles have a herringbone jig pattern.

After our team discussed this herringbone jig pattern, QCH replied: Queen produced over 100 variations of the swing guard folder over a 25 year period, beginning in 1992, including the 

04111L lockback. That pattern number is specific to the Schatt & Morgan line. About 80% of these knives were either special projects or special orders, meaning just about 20% appeared in a catalog or flyer. The variations included handle material, color and jig pattern (if any), as well as blade type (usually spear or clip). Some had a lower bolster and some were bareheaded.

It sounds as though your knife may have been one of these special orders or special project knives.

Nickolas G. wrote with questions: The #49 stockman with no tang stamp. Is this carbon steel? Why was there no tang stamp on these? Thank you for your time! This website is a fantastic resource.

QCH replied: The #49 first appeared in the 1954 catalog, long after Queen transitioned to stainless steel blades.

Tang stamps were not used from 1961 to 1971, likely dating your knife to that time period. See page 7 of the tang stamp guide.

Nickolas G. had still more questions: Thank you, Sir. When did Queen transition to Stainless? Did they only use stainless after a point? Is it a special stainless that isn’t brittle or better than most stainless? Or was this a way to save money? I did see that some if the older patterns are definitely carbon. Did they ever have this pattern in carbon with the winterbottom bone?  If you can’t tell I’m new to the Queen brand.  I did however visit the empty factory a few years back, during one of the GEC rendezvous.

Thank you for your time!

In closing, QCH wrote: You’re welcome. Queen started using stainless, at least in a limited way, in the mid-1920’s. After World War II most of their blades were using 440 C stainless. As mentioned earlier, the #49 pattern wasn’t introduced until 1954 or so. By that time virtually all blades were made with stainless. 

If you would like to learn more, a great place to start would be Dr. David Krauss’ article, “The Rise & Fall of Queen Cutlery”, on this page.

Dave M. Used our contact form: Hello, I have a block letter Queen City hunter fixed blade I’m trying to find info on. It is not listed on the site. I can send photos. Thank you.

QCH requested a photo and received this, along with more from Dave: I’m trying to find the model number for this knife and was wondering if there were other sizes and variations. This is the basis for the GEC hunter knives and Bill Howard ran production for Queen for some time before starting GEC. Any help is appreciated 

photo of a pair of bare headed Queen City fixed blade knives. One is handled in wood and the other has a linear jigging on bone.

We also asked for the overall length and blade length of the knife, which we learned were 4 1/2 and 8 1/4”, respectively. Then responded: I polled the rest of our team. Some have seen knives like this but none of us own one. Queen didn’t publish catalogs until after WWII so we have no record of it.

The closest Queen pattern is the #73. I say closest because it has a flat ground blade and is bareheaded with 2 rivets and a bone handle. However your knife differs in that the blade is 1/2 inch longer and has a stamped steel, rather than cast aluminum guard.

Highlights for Collectors

Knife Library

  • hundreds of photographs and descriptions of Queen, Schatt & Morgan and Dollar Knife Co. knives, some dating back to the 19th century.
  • folding knives, sheath knives and tableware.
  • Organized by pattern number

Historical Documents

  • Articles written by Queen historians such as David Clark, Dr. David Kraus and Bob Welch.
  • Queen company documents
  • Historical Knife Spotlight archive

Catalogs

  • Complete collection of Queen Cutlery catalogs
  • Located within Historical Documents
  • Promotional and sales materials
  • Product flyers and price lists
  • Downloadable, full color pdf’s

Flyers & Ads

  • Cutlery advertisements
  • Promotional materials from Queen City, Queen Cutlery and Schatt & Morgan

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